What is Software process framework And, Umbrella activities

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  ❖ Software generic process framework activities .   A process framework establishes the foundation for a complete software process by identifying a small number of framework activities that are applicable to all software projects, regardless of their size or complexity. • In fig each framework activity is populated by a set of software engineering actions. A collection of related tasks that produces a major software engineering work product. • Each action in process framework is populated with individual work tasks that accomplish some part of the work implied by the action. 1. Communication: Communication framework activity involves heavy communication and collaboration with the customer,encompasses requirements gathering, data gathering and other related activities. 2. Planning: Planning activity establishes a plan for software engineering work that follows. Planning describes the technical tasks to be conducted, the resources that will be required, schedule, and the risks...
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What is Normalization, Need of normalization, Types of Normalization, 1.First Normal Form (1.NF), 2.Second Normal Form (2.NF)

Normalization:-Normalization is a process of designing a consistent database by minimizing redundancy and inserting data integrity into the through decomposition. it is a step by step decomposition of aim complex record into a simple record. It is a process of organization data in the database in efficient way. 

.Need of normalization

1.Ensure data Integrity data integrity ensure the correctness of data stored with in the database.

2.Prevent redundancy in data-It data is storage i two location but data is updated in only one location then the data become inconsistent. A normalization database store data in only one location.

3.Update Anomaly-Same information can be present in multiple record of various relation if user update one location then the changes reflect in all the location. 

.Types of Normalization      

There are three types of normalization 
1.First Normal Form (1.NF):-It is a simplest from of normalization. It simplicity each attribute in a table. A relation in information it in the every row contain execute one value for the each attribute data 
In information data has one rule, column should contain atomic data and there should be not only repeating group of data.

For Ex-Consider a staff table heaving the information about Faculty and there subjects. 

2.Second Normal Form (2.NF):-This normal from many use there functional dependency any try to remove problems of first normal in from the. There fore when we create second normal form relation it need to satisfy 1NF relation consider the above table while one fore eliminating the repeating groups in that process we introduce relation redundancy in the table. To eliminate these record we have to split the table into two parts.

3.Third Normal form:-This normal form is used to minimize they transitive redundancy. Third normal form removed the Anomalies the that occur in 2NF. The table in 3Nf that have attribute and relation and it is transitively dependent on the primary key.

Ex-In above table hour depends on the subject and subject depends on staff id. Then in this 3NF we combine the information regarding subject hour and staff id     







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